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Keeping Errors At Bay

1 . Identify elements of Toulmin's model in Russel's essay 'Keeping Errors at Bay'. Image Source : Google Being a perspective essay, 'Keeping Errors at Bay' is designed in an argumentative fashion. Russel has deployed Toulmin's model of argument to convey his message on how we can refrain from committing silly errors. This essay changes our perspective on prevention of error as being a simple act of following some effective rules rather than a great feat achieved only by geniuses. The following elements of Toulmin's model can be perceived while going through the essay. 1. Claim and Qualifier The claim of writer is explicit in the first paragraph. He claims that no superhuman genius is required to avoid the various foolish opinions to which mankind are prone. But the writer is cautious in limiting the scope of his argument to avoid possible oppositions. He has used qualifiers to make this essay seem more conceivable and grounded. He writes that

Swan song by Anton Chekhov

1. Discuss any five themes presented in Anton Chekhov's Swan song. Like every writing of Chekhov, this drama ' Swan song ' is filled with profound themes. Swan song refers to the final performance or gesture given just before death or retirement. The major character of this drama, Svetlovidov is seen to be performing his Swan song. The setting, plot, character selection and the use of Shakespear's play, all resonate together to introduce these five major themes in the drama: 1. Death and old age Svetlovidov is sixty-eight years old and has spent forty-five long years acting on the stage. But old age has diminished his enthusiasm and strength. He is no longer able to perform like he used to, and hence is filled with feelings of being worthless. All alone in the world, there is not a single person to care him. He knows that time has come to leave the acting career. The author has used the symbolic representation of his aging protagonist to emphasize life's tra

Critical Thinking and Toulmin's Model of Argument

1. Write a paragraph to demonstrate the understanding of Stephen Toulmin's model of argument. Image source:Google People who smoke cigarettes or weeds and/or drink alcohol are inattentive in class (Claim). Most of the time, they seem to be lazy, preoccupied and dizzy. Some of them usually sit at the last bench so that they can escape the gaze of teacher and sleep peacefully or talk with their friends. When asked questions on the recent topic of study, most of them cannot answer and even cannot tell about the topic being taught (Qualifier) . This directly supports the fact that they were not paying attention to the teacher. Their scores in exam is also low compared to those who don't drink or smoke (Evidence). Research shows that drinking alcoholic beverages affects person's feelings, thoughts and action. It is a depressant which has major role in causing anxiety and stress. Smoking leads to nicotine withdrawal symptoms (depression and schizophren

Science and Society

1. What similarities and differences do you find in the research process of Armand Denis and Ignaz Semmelweis? Both Denis and Semmelweis were engaged in a research process that piqued their interests , went through struggles, failed attempts and had some coincidences. But while Semmelweis started off with an observation, proceeded to find the cause by doing research and experiments to reach a concrete conclusion, Denis started with an assumption, sought support from others to verify it but wasn't completely able to prove his hypothesis. Armand Denis needed helping hands to conduct his research and had to bribe them . Semmelweis on the other hand seemed to have got them easily in hospital. While Denis only turned to the human resource available, semmelweis also studied the existing literature to be familiarized with the possible explanation of his observation. Semmelweis preserved throughout the research. Denis had given up his idea after the first attempt except for the coin